Non Verbal Reasoning · Figures & Shapes
Venn Diagrams — Questions & Answers
Venn diagram questions give three terms and ask which circle diagram shows how they relate. Compare the terms two at a time: one inside the other, overlapping, or separate.
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If every X is a Y (X is a kind of Y), draw X inside Y.
If some X are Y and some are not, draw the circles overlapping.
If nothing is both X and Y, draw the circles apart. Being part of something is not being a kind of it.
5 solved Venn Diagrams questions
Which diagram best shows the relationship between Blood Vessels, Arteries and Veins?
Solution — answer B
No vein is an artery. So Veins and Arteries are drawn apart. Every vein is a blood vessel. So Veins goes inside Blood Vessels. Every artery is a blood vessel. So Arteries goes inside Blood Vessels. Only option B shows all three relationships at once.
4 steps · reveal one at a timeStep 1: Veins and Arteries
First, consider the relationship between Veins and Arteries. The solution tells us that no vein is an artery. This means that these two categories are entirely separate and do not overlap at all.
Step 2: Veins and Blood Vessels
Next, let's look at Veins and Blood Vessels. The solution states that every vein is a blood vessel. This indicates that the category of Veins is completely contained within the larger category of Blood Vessels.
Step 3: Arteries and Blood Vessels
Similarly, consider Arteries and Blood Vessels. The solution confirms that every artery is a blood vessel. This means the category of Arteries is also entirely contained within the larger category of Blood Vessels.
Step 4: The answer
So the answer is (B) Figure B. This figure correctly shows Arteries and Veins as separate, non-overlapping categories, both of which are entirely enclosed within the broader category of Blood Vessels.
Which diagram best shows the relationship between Nocturnal Animals, Living Things and Forest Animals?
Solution — answer B
Some forest animals are nocturnal (e.g., owls), some are not (e.g., squirrels), and some nocturnal animals are not forest animals (e.g., desert scorpions). So Forest Animals and Nocturnal Animals overlap. Every forest animal is a living thing. So Forest Animals goes inside Living Things. Every nocturnal animal is a living thing. So Nocturnal Animals goes inside Living Things. Only option B shows all three relationships at once.
4 steps · reveal one at a timeStep 1: Forest Animals and Living Things
First, consider the relationship between Forest Animals and Living Things. Every forest animal is, by definition, a living thing. This means that the group of Forest Animals is entirely contained within the group of Living Things.
Step 2: Nocturnal Animals and Living Things
Next, think about Nocturnal Animals and Living Things. Similarly, every nocturnal animal is also a living thing. Therefore, the group of Nocturnal Animals is also entirely contained within the group of Living Things.
Step 3: Nocturnal and Forest Animals
Finally, let's look at Nocturnal Animals and Forest Animals. Some forest animals are nocturnal (like owls), and some are not (like squirrels). Also, some nocturnal animals are not forest animals (like desert scorpions). This indicates an overlap between these two groups.
Step 4: The answer
So the answer is (B) Figure B. This figure correctly shows both Nocturnal Animals and Forest Animals entirely inside Living Things, with Nocturnal Animals and Forest Animals overlapping each other.
Which diagram best shows the relationship between Politicians, Ministers and Government Officials?
Solution — answer B
Every minister is a politician. So Ministers goes inside Politicians. Every minister is a government official. So Ministers goes inside Government Officials. Some politicians are government officials (e.g., elected representatives, ministers), some are not (e.g., party activists not holding office), and some government officials are not politicians (e.g., career civil servants, police officers). So Politicians and Government Officials overlap. Only option B shows all three relationships at once.
4 steps · reveal one at a timeStep 1: Ministers and Politicians
First, consider the relationship between Ministers and Politicians. Every minister is a politician. This means the group of Ministers is entirely contained within the group of Politicians.
Step 2: Ministers and Officials
Next, think about Ministers and Government Officials. Every minister is also a government official. So, the group of Ministers is entirely contained within the group of Government Officials as well.
Step 3: Politicians and Officials
Finally, examine Politicians and Government Officials. Some politicians are government officials (like ministers), and some are not. Also, some government officials are not politicians. This means the groups of Politicians and Government Officials overlap.
Step 4: The answer
So the answer is (B) Figure B, which correctly shows Ministers as a subset of both Politicians and Government Officials, with Politicians and Government Officials overlapping.
Which diagram best shows the relationship between Surgeons, Doctors and Professionals?
Solution — answer D
Every Surgeon is a Doctor. So Surgeons goes inside Doctors. Every Surgeon is a Professional. So Surgeons goes inside Professionals. Every Doctor is a Professional. So Doctors goes inside Professionals. Only option D shows all three relationships at once.
4 steps · reveal one at a timeStep 1: Surgeons and Doctors
First, consider the relationship between Surgeons and Doctors. We know that every Surgeon is a Doctor. This means the entire group of Surgeons is a subset of, or contained within, the group of Doctors.
Step 2: Doctors and Professionals
Next, let's look at Doctors and Professionals. We are told that every Doctor is a Professional. This indicates that the entire group of Doctors is a subset of, or contained within, the group of Professionals.
Step 3: All three relationships
Combining these facts, we have a clear hierarchy. Surgeons are inside Doctors, and Doctors are inside Professionals. This means Surgeons are also inside Professionals, forming a nested relationship.
Step 4: The answer
So the answer is (D) Figure D. This figure correctly illustrates all three relationships: Surgeons are inside Doctors, and Doctors are inside Professionals, showing a clear nested structure.
Which diagram best shows the relationship between Liquids, Mercury and Water?
Solution — answer D
No water is mercury. So Water and Mercury are drawn apart. Every water is a liquid. So Water goes inside Liquids. Every mercury is a liquid. So Mercury goes inside Liquids. Only option D shows all three relationships at once.
4 steps · reveal one at a timeStep 1: Water and Mercury
The first key relationship is that no water is mercury. This means that in a diagram, the circle representing Water and the circle representing Mercury should be completely separate from each other.
Step 2: Water and Liquids
Next, consider Water and Liquids. Every water is a liquid. This implies that the circle for Water must be entirely contained within the larger circle representing Liquids.
Step 3: Mercury and Liquids
Similarly, every mercury is a liquid. This means the circle for Mercury must also be entirely contained within the larger circle representing Liquids.
Step 4: The answer
So the answer is (D) Figure D. This figure correctly shows Water and Mercury as separate circles, both contained within a larger circle representing Liquids.
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