Logical Reasoning · Judgment & Verbal Logic
Matching Definitions — Questions & Answers
Matching definitions questions give a definition and four situations, and ask which one fits it exactly. Check every condition in the definition against each situation.
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Break the definition into its conditions (who does it, what they do, and any special requirement). Test each situation against every condition; the answer is the only one that meets all of them.
Three situations meet every condition of the definition; one misses a condition. Test each situation and pick the one that fails.
Hold the definition's purpose in mind (saving water, a shared goal, giving freely) and test each situation against it. The odd one out works against the purpose or expects something back.
Here four definitions are given and one situation. Test the situation against each definition in turn; only one will match all of its conditions.
5 solved Matching Definitions questions
Volunteering means offering one's time or service without payment, by one's own choice. Which of these situations fits this definition?
Solution — answer C
Karthik gives his time, unpaid, by his own choice. Priya is paid, Arun is ordered to serve, and Meena gives money rather than time or service.
4 steps · reveal one at a timeStep 1: Understand the Definition
First, let's break down the definition of volunteering. It means offering one's time or service without payment, and importantly, by one's own choice. We need to find the situation that matches all these parts.
Step 2: Check Payment and Choice
Let's look at the situations. One person is paid ₹500 a day, which doesn't fit 'without payment'. Another must do community service as ordered by the court, which doesn't fit 'by one's own choice'. These situations are not volunteering.
Step 3: Check Time or Service
Next, consider if the action involves offering 'time or service'. One person donates money to a fund. While helpful, donating money is not offering one's time or service directly. This also doesn't fit the definition of volunteering.
Step 4: The answer
So the answer is (C) Karthik spends his Sunday mornings teaching children at the local library, without any payment. Karthik is offering his time and service, without payment, and by his own choice, perfectly matching the definition of volunteering.
Punctuality means arriving or finishing something at the agreed time. Which of these is NOT an example of punctuality?
Solution — answer B
Raj arrives late, so he is not punctual. Arun, the train and Sita all keep to the agreed time.
4 steps · reveal one at a timeStep 1: Understand Punctuality
The question defines punctuality as arriving or finishing something at the agreed time. This means being on time, neither early nor late.
Step 2: Evaluate Scenarios
We need to identify which scenario is NOT an example of punctuality. This means we are looking for an instance where someone does not arrive or finish at the agreed time.
Step 3: Find the Exception
Consider each situation. Most describe someone or something being on time. However, one scenario explicitly states that someone reaches an event 20 minutes late. This is a clear deviation from the agreed time.
Step 4: The answer
So the answer is (B) Raj reaches the meeting 20 minutes late because he overslept. Raj is late, which means he is not punctual according to the definition.
Read these definitions:
- Compensation: money paid to someone for a loss or injury.
- Donation: something given freely to help others, expecting nothing in return.
- Loan: money given that must be paid back.
- Bribe: money given to persuade someone to act dishonestly.
Which term best describes this situation? A contractor gives an officer ₹50,000 so that his poor-quality work will be approved.
Solution — answer B
The money is given to get the officer to approve poor work, which is dishonest, so it is a bribe. It pays for no loss, is not free, and is not to be paid back.
4 steps · reveal one at a timeStep 1: Analyze the situation
A contractor gives ₹50,000 to an officer. The key detail is that this money is given so that the officer will approve poor-quality work. This suggests an attempt to influence the officer to act improperly or dishonestly.
Step 2: Review definitions
Let's look at the provided definitions:
- Compensation: money for a loss or injury.
- Donation: given freely, expecting nothing in return.
- Loan: money that must be paid back.
- Bribe: money given to persuade someone to act dishonestly.
Step 3: Compare and conclude
The money is not for a loss (not compensation), nor is it given freely without expectation (not a donation), and it's not expected to be paid back (not a loan). The purpose is clearly to make the officer approve poor work, which is a dishonest act.
Step 4: The answer
So the answer is (B) Bribe. A bribe is money given to persuade someone to act dishonestly, which perfectly matches the contractor's intent to get poor-quality work approved.
A refund is money returned to a customer for a product that was returned or a service that was not provided.
Situation: Rekha returns a faulty mixer to the shop and is given a new mixer in its place.
Why is this NOT an example of a refund?Solution — answer A
A refund means money back, but Rekha got a new mixer instead. The situation says the mixer was faulty and that she returned it.
4 steps · reveal one at a timeStep 1: Understand "refund"
The question defines a refund as money returned to a customer. This happens when a product is returned or a service is not provided.
Step 2: Analyze the situation
Rekha returned a faulty mixer. The shop gave her a new mixer in its place. The situation confirms the mixer was faulty and she returned it.
Step 3: Identify the difference
A refund means getting your money back. However, Rekha did not receive money; she received a replacement product (a new mixer).
Step 4: The answer
So the answer is (A) She received a replacement mixer, not her money back. This directly contradicts the definition of a refund, which requires money to be returned.
Definition: Recycling means processing used material so that it can be made into a new product. Which situation illustrates recycling?
Solution — answer A
The newspapers are processed into a new product. Reusing jars or passing on a bicycle is reuse, not processing, and throwing bottles away is neither.
4 steps · reveal one at a timeStep 1: Understand Recycling
The question defines recycling as processing used material so that it can be made into a new product. This means the original material must be transformed into something different.
Step 2: Look for Processing
We need to find a scenario where a used item undergoes a significant change or transformation to become a new item. Simple reuse, where an item is used again for the same or a different purpose without processing, does not fit the definition of recycling.
Step 3: Evaluate the Situations
Consider each situation. One involves old newspapers being pulped into fresh paper, which is a clear example of processing into a new product. Others describe reusing items or simply disposing of them, which are different concepts.
Step 4: The answer
So the answer is (A) The school's old newspapers are sent to a mill that pulps them into fresh paper. This situation perfectly illustrates recycling because the used newspapers are processed into a new product: fresh paper.
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